On Fri, Sep 14, 2018, 7:22 PM John <john.r.moser@gmail.com> wrote:


It doesn't have to run at Ring-0 you know.  Think about if you loaded a malicious network card driver into L4.

No L4 kernel I'm aware of has any facility for loading drivers into the kernel. Drivers on L4 OSes are either regular processes that are allowed limited hardware access ore are libraries loaded into such processes. From what it sounds like, you are wanting to run all privileged services in the same address space and hardware privilege level, relying solely on the CLR to enforce protection domains, which would be less secure than a formally verified microkernel using hardware protection.