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Re: roottask boot panic
by huang 12 Sep '07

12 Sep '07

hi,dear Adam: thanks a lot for your time and effort! You are right! But is there any difference if I build the binaries in one run or not? I still have another problem that may have the same reason as this one: If I unpack the fiasco kernel first and build it, I can run the hello(many_thread,many_tasks...) example successfully. But when I unpack the l4env and build again, the hello package can not pass the compilation processs. I can not find the reason. can you give me some advice? best wishes! >From: Adam Lackorzynski <adam(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de> >To: l4-hackers(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de >Subject: Re: roottask boot panic >Date: Thu6 Sep 2007 10:01:42 +0200 > > >On Wed Sep 05, 2007 at 09:47:29 +0800, huang wrote: >> I met the problem of roottask boot panic, do you know what's the reason? >> The output is: >> >> Roottask. >> Roottask boot panic: invalid KIP magic 00000001 >> [Esc] reboot, [k] kdebug, [M] memory map, [r] region map >> >> and my menu.lst is: >> title hello world >> kernel (hd0,0)/fiasco/bootstrap >> modaddr 0x02000000 >> module (hd0,0)/fiasco/fiasco -nokdb -nowait >> module (hd0,0)/fiasco/sigma0 >> module (hd0,0)/fiasco/roottask >> module (hd0,0)/fiasco/log >> module (hd0,0)/fiasco/names >> module (hd0,0)/fiasco/dm_phys >> module (hd0,0)/fiasco/names_demo > >I just tried your binaries and I don't get your panic with Qemu. But I >get another error later which seems to indicate that your binaries are >not built in the same run. Is that correct? > > >Adam >-- >Adam adam(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de > Lackorzynski http://os.inf.tu-dresden.de/~adam/ 　　　　　　　　huang 　　　　　　　　learnl4(a)sina.com 　　　　　　　　　　2007-09-12

2 1

TIMEOUT question
by huang 12 Sep '07

12 Sep '07

hi,dear all: I have a question about l4_ipc_sleep()! I want to make a stop between two ipc operation, so i used l4_ipc_sleep(), but it did not work! The code is : ... static void sleep(unsigned exp) { l4_ipc_sleep(l4_ipc_timeout(1,exp,1,exp)); } ... int main(int argc, char **argv) { ... for(;;) { ... sleep(4); } return 0; } I think sleep(4) should make a stop about 4 seconds, but the the call returned immediately. What's the problem in my code? thanks for your help! best wishes! 　　　　　　huang 　　　　　　　　learnl4(a)sina.com 　　　　　　　　　　2007-09-12

3 2

What is the difference between l4dm_mem_allocate, l4slab_alloc, malloc
by chenggh 12 Sep '07

12 Sep '07

Hi: In the l4vfs source code I am sure that the malloc function could be used in the L4 programming. But I also find two functions named l4dm_mem_allocate and l4slab_alloc. It seems that both of them could also allocate memory as malloc does. What is the difference between the 3 functions? Which one is fastest? Please help me. Thank you. Cheng Guanghui

2 1

L4linux is currently working with l4fb (Dope) or not?
by Tiago Lopes 07 Sep '07

07 Sep '07

Hello again, After spending a week trying all configs I could find, I'm (again) asking for help. I'm using an unmodified Opentc June snapshot and trying to get L4linux and dope working. Dope e running fine and L4linux is started, but it seems that L4linux cannot find the l4fb, and so the system boots and writes fine to the terminal, but not to dope screen... Is this config actually supported? Someone could give me a working config? This is my config files and output: Any help is much appreciated! Tiago Lopes FILES: Grub config: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------> default 0 timeout 1 set ROOT := (cd) set SERIAL ?= "-serial -serial_esc -comspeed 115200 -comport 1" set FIASCOARGS := "-nokdb -nowait $(SERIAL)" title = test kernel $(ROOT)/tcb/bootstrap modaddr 0x02000000 module $(ROOT)/tcb/fiasco $(FIASCOARGS) module $(ROOT)/tcb/sigma0 module $(ROOT)/tcb/roottask -configfile task modname "bmodfs" attached 5 modules module $(ROOT)/tcb/roottask.config module $(ROOT)/tcb/events module $(ROOT)/tcb/names --events module $(ROOT)/tcb/dm_phys --events module $(ROOT)/tcb/simple_ts --events -t 300 module $(ROOT)/tcb/rtc --events module $(ROOT)/tcb/ore --events module $(ROOT)/tcb/l4io --events module $(ROOT)/tcb/l4dope --events module $(ROOT)/tcb/loader --events --fprov=BMODFS l4linux.cfg module $(ROOT)/tcb/bmodfs module $(ROOT)/tcb/libloader.s.so module $(ROOT)/tcb/libld-l4.s.so module $(ROOT)/tcb/l4linux.cfg module $(ROOT)/userland/l4linux2.6.21 module $(ROOT)/userland/drops-rd.rd vbeset 0x117 <---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- l4linux.cfg: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------> sleep 2 task "l4linux2.6.21" "mem=128M root=/dev/ram load_ramdisk=1 ramdisk_size=16384 l4env_rd=drops-rd.rd lang=en video=l4fb earlyprintk=yes console=ttyLv0" all_sects_writable allow_vga <---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Serial output: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------> Welcome to Fiasco(ia32)! DD-L4(v2)/x86 microkernel (C) 1998-2007 TU Dresden Rev: rUNKNOWN compiled with gcc 4.1.2 for Intel Pentium Performance-critical config option(s) detected: CONFIG_ASSEMBLER_IPC_SHORTCUT is off CONFIG_NDEBUG is off CONFIG_NO_FRAME_PTR is off CONFIG_FINE_GRAINED_CPUTIME is on Enabling special fully nested mode for PIC Using the PIT (i8254) on IRQ 0 for scheduling SERIAL ESC: allocated IRQ 4 for serial uart SERIAL ESC: allocated IRQ 4 for serial uart Not using serial hack in slow timer handler. Absolute KIP Syscalls using: Sysenter CPU: AuthenticAMD (6:8:0:0) Model: Athlon (Thoroughbred) at 698 MHz 16/256 Entry I TLB (4K pages) 8 Entry I TLB (4M pages) 32/256 Entry D TLB (4K pages) 8 Entry D TLB (4M pages) 64 KB L1 I Cache (2-way associative, 64 bytes per line) 64 KB L1 D Cache (2-way associative, 64 bytes per line) 256 KB L2 U Cache (8-way associative, 64 bytes per line) Freeing init code/data: 24576 bytes (6 pages) Calibrating timer loop... done. SIGMA0: Hello! KIP @ 1000 Found Fiasco: KIP syscalls: yes allocated 4KB for maintenance structures Roottask. Command line found: "(cd)/tcb/roottask -configfile task modname "bmodfs" attached 5 modules" 409150kB ( 399MB) total RAM (reported by bootloader) 368704kB ( 361MB) received RAM from Sigma0 40096kB ( 40MB) reserved RAM for RMGR Received I/O ports 0000-ffff Attached irqs = [ <!0> 1 <!2> 3 <!4> 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F ] Roottask: Parsing config file. configured task 0x02 (): vm_offs:0 irq:ffff lmcp:ffff allow_cli:0 mcp:ff prio:a0 small:ff mods:0 configured task 0x04 (): vm_offs:0 irq:ffff lmcp:ffff allow_cli:0 mcp:ff prio:a0 small:ff mods:0 configured task 0x00 (events): vm_offs:0 irq:ffff lmcp:ffff allow_cli:1 mcp:ff prio:a0 small:ff mods:0 configured task 0x00 (names): vm_offs:0 irq:ffff lmcp:ffff allow_cli:0 mcp:ff prio:a0 small:ff mods:0 configured task 0x00 (dm_phys): vm_offs:0 irq:ffff lmcp:ffff allow_cli:0 mcp:ff prio:a0 small:ff mods:0 configured task 0x00 (simple_ts): vm_offs:0 irq:ffff lmcp:ffff allow_cli:0 mcp:ff prio:a0 small:ff mods:0 configured task 0x00 (rtc): vm_offs:0 irq:ffff lmcp:ffff allow_cli:1 mcp:ff prio:10 small:ff mods:0 configured task 0x00 (l4io): vm_offs:0 irq:ffff lmcp:ffff allow_cli:1 mcp:ff prio:a0 small:ff mods:0 configured task 0x00 (ore): vm_offs:0 irq:ffff lmcp:ffff allow_cli:1 mcp:ff prio:a0 small:ff mods:0 configured task 0x00 (l4dope): vm_offs:0 irq:ffff lmcp:ffff allow_cli:1 mcp:ff prio:a0 small:ff mods:0 configured task 0x00 (bmodfs): vm_offs:0 irq:ffff lmcp:ffff allow_cli:0 mcp:ff prio:a0 small:ff mods:0 configured task 0x00 (loader): vm_offs:0 irq:ffff lmcp:ffff allow_cli:1 mcp:ff prio:a0 small:ff mods:0 configured task 0x00 (l4linux2.6.21): vm_offs:0 irq:ffff lmcp:ffff allow_cli:1 mcp:ff prio:10 small:ff mods:0 Roottask: Parsing command line config. configured task 0x00 (bmodfs): vm_offs:0 irq:ffff lmcp:ffff allow_cli:0 mcp:ff prio:10 small:ff mods:5 Roottask: Loading 15 modules. #05: loading "(cd)/tcb/events" from [0812c000-0816e66c] to [01540000-01548c10][01549000-0155e5d0] entry at 00062368 via trampoline page code symbols at [18ffe000-19000000] (8kB), lines at [18ff7000-18ffe000] (28kB) #06: loading "(cd)/tcb/names --events" from [0816f000-081ae253] to [002d0000-002d5e6a][002d6000-002e1000] entry at 00063370 via trampoline page code symbols at [18ff5000-18ff7000] (8kB), lines at [18fef000-18ff5000] (24kB) #07: loading "(cd)/tcb/dm_phys --events" from [081af000-0823b38c] to [01500000-015121ca][01513000-0151d000] entry at 00064374 via trampoline page code symbols at [18fea000-18fef000] (20kB), lines at [18fdd000-18fea000] (52kB) #08: loading "(cd)/tcb/simple_ts --events -t 300" from [0823c000-08287d04] to [01400000-014080ea][01409000-01418608] entry at 0006537c via trampoline page code symbols at [18fdb000-18fdd000] (8kB), lines at [18fd3000-18fdb000] (32kB) #09: loading "(cd)/tcb/rtc --events" from [08288000-082b8ec1] to [01080000-010840e0][01085000-0108a000] entry at 00066370 via trampoline page code symbols at [18fd1000-18fd3000] (8kB), lines at [18fcc000-18fd1000] (20kB) #0a: loading "(cd)/tcb/ore --events" from [082b9000-084aaada] to [01800000-018371f9][01838000-01867000] entry at 00067370 via trampoline page code symbols at [18fc3000-18fcc000] (36kB), lines at [18f9a000-18fc3000] (164kB) #0b: loading "(cd)/tcb/l4io --events" from [084ab000-08703e28] to [00b80000-00ba22a5][00ba3000-00c0a000] entry at 00069370 via trampoline page code symbols at [18f48000-18f9a000] (328kB), lines at [18f2e000-18f48000] (104kB) #0c: loading "(cd)/tcb/l4dope --events" from [08704000-08871e76] to [01b00000-01b411a1][01b42000-01b83000] entry at 0006a374 via trampoline page code symbols at [18f20000-18f2e000] (56kB), lines at [16ed9000-16f05000] (176kB) #0d: loading "(cd)/tcb/loader --events --fprov=BMODFS l4linux.cfg" from [08872000-0894a9e4] to [01300000-01324ef9][01325000-01343000] entry at 0006b38c via trampoline page code symbols at [18f1a000-18f20000] (24kB), lines at [18f01000-18f1a000] (100kB) #0e: loading "(cd)/tcb/bmodfs" from [0894b000-089ea5d0] to [01220000-01235659][01236000-0124d000] passing module (cd)/tcb/libloader.s.so [ 089eb000-08a89c02 ] passing module (cd)/tcb/libld-l4.s.so [ 08a8a000-08b039c9 ] passing module (cd)/tcb/l4linux.cfg [ 08b04000-08b0420d ] passing module (cd)/userland/l4linux2.6.21 [ 08b05000-096b4aad ] passing module (cd)/userland/drops-rd.rd [ 096b5000-0a6b5000 ] entry at 0006c438 via trampoline page code symbols at [16ed4000-16ed9000] (20kB), lines at [16ec2000-16ed4000] (72kB) names | Starting thread listening for `exit' events ROOT: Sending ports 0070-0070 to task #09 ROOT: Sending ports 0080-0080 to task #09 ROOT: Sending ports 0071-0071 to task #09 *simplets| Configured for 300 tasks. *l4dope | DOpE(init): using events mechanism *io | Enabling events support. *bmodfs | Passed the following modules: *bmodfs | module "(cd)/tcb/libloader.s.so" (636kB) *bmodfs | module "(cd)/tcb/libld-l4.s.so" (487kB) *bmodfs | module "(cd)/tcb/l4linux.cfg" (1kB) *bmodfs | module "(cd)/userland/l4linux2.6.21" (11967kB) *bmodfs | module "(cd)/userland/drops-rd.rd" (16384kB) ROOT: Sending ports 0cfb-0cfb to task #0b ROOT: Sending ports 0cf8-0cfb to task #0b ROOT: Sending ports 0cfe-0cff to task #0b *io | PCI: Using configuration type 1 *io | PCI: Probing PCI hardware *io | PCI: Probing PCI hardware (bus 00) ROOT: Sending ports 0cfc-0cff to task #0b *io | PCI: Cannot allocate resource region 4 of device 00:07.1 *io | Limiting direct PCI/PCI transfers. *io | 00000000-ffffffff : PCI mem *io | e8000000-ebffffff : Intel Corporation 440BX/ZX/DX - 82443BX/ZX/DX H *io : ost bridge *io | ec000000-ec7fffff : VMware Inc [VMware SVGA II] PCI Display Adapter *io | ec800000-ec800fff : LSI Logic / Symbios Logic 53c1030 PCI-X Fusion- *io : MPT Dual Ultra320 SCSI *io | f0000000-f7ffffff : VMware Inc [VMware SVGA II] PCI Display Adapter *io | 0000-ffff : PCI IO *io | 0cf8-0cff : PCI conf1 *io | 1000-103f : Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ACPI *io | 1040-105f : Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ACPI *io | 1060-106f : VMware Inc [VMware SVGA II] PCI Display Adapter *io | 1070-107f : Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 IDE *io | 1080-10ff : LSI Logic / Symbios Logic 53c1030 PCI-X Fusion-MPT Dual *io : Ultra320 SCSI *io | 1400-147f : Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] 79c970 [PCnet32 LANCE] *io | Available IRQs=[ <!0> 1 <!2> 3 <!4> 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f ] *rtc | Date:04.09.2007 Time:21:45:27 *l4dope | L4INPUT native mode activated *l4dope | L4INPUT: !!! W A R N I N G !!! *l4dope | L4INPUT: Please, do not use Fiasco's "-esc" with L4INPUT. *l4dope | L4INPUT: !!! W A R N I N G !!! ROOT: Sending ports 0060-006f to task #0b *loader | sleeping for 2000 ms *l4dope | serio: i8042 AUX port at 0x60,0x64 irq 12 *l4dope | serio: i8042 KBD port at 0x60,0x64 irq 1 *l4dope | input: ImPS/2 Generic Wheel Mouse on isa0060/serio1 *l4dope | input: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard on isa0060/serio0 *l4dope | input: PC Speaker *l4dope | input: L4 input event injector *loader | l4linux2.6.21: Starting application using libld-l4.s.so *loader | l4linux2.6.21,#f: Loading binary *l4dope | L4 input event injector: IRQ handler up *l4dope | connect "ImPS/2 Generic Wheel Mouse", isa0060/serio1/input0 *l4dope | connect "AT Translated Set 2 keyboard", isa0060/serio0/input0 *l4dope | connect "PC Speaker", isa0061/input0 *l4dope | connect "L4 input event injector", l4/sys *l4dope | SharedMem(alloc): hl.raw=e0000, id=43, size=800 *l4dope | SharedMem(get_adr): address = 0x6000 *l4dope | SharedMem(alloc): hl.raw=e0000, id=44, size=800 *l4dope | SharedMem(get_adr): address = 0x7000 *l4dope | SharedMem(alloc): hl.raw=e0000, id=45, size=800 *l4dope | SharedMem(get_adr): address = 0xd000 *l4dope | SharedMem(alloc): hl.raw=e0000, id=46, size=800 *l4dope | SharedMem(get_adr): address = 0xe000 *l4dope | SharedMem(alloc): hl.raw=e0000, id=47, size=800 *l4dope | SharedMem(get_adr): address = 0xf000 *l4dope | SharedMem(alloc): hl.raw=e0000, id=49, size=800 *l4dope | SharedMem(get_adr): address = 0x16000 *l4dope | SharedMem(alloc): hl.raw=e0000, id=4a, size=800 *l4dope | SharedMem(get_adr): address = 0x17000 *l4dope | dope: paddr=f0000000 size=16384KiB *l4dope | Mapped video memory at f0000000 to 03000000+000000 [16384kB] via L4IO *l4dope | mapping: vaddr=0x3000000 size=16777216(0x1000000) offset=0(0x0) *l4dope | Frame buffer base: 0x3000000 *l4dope | Resolution: 1024x768x16 *l4dope | Bytes per scanline: 2048 *l4dope | Current video mode is 1024x768 red=11:5 green=5:6 blue=0:5 res=0:0 *loader | l4linux2.6.21,#f: Loading ldso *loader | l4linux2.6.21,#f: Starting libld-l4.s.so at 00013800 via 0000cc04 *ore | l4dde_mm_init(): Using ... *ore | 16 MB at 0x00180000 (vmem) *ore | 16 MB in 1 regions (kmem) *ore | pcnet32.c:v1.30h 06.24.2004 tsbogend(a)alpha.franken.de ROOT: Sending ports 1400-141f to task #0b *ore | pcnet32: PCnet/PCI II 79C970A at 0x1400, 00 0c 29 f9 37 6a assigned I *ore : RQ 11. *ore | eth0: registered as PCnet/PCI II 79C970A *ore | pcnet32: 1 cards_found. *ore | main(): initialized DDELinux2.4 *ore | main(): loopback: 0 *ore | device lo entered promiscuous mode *ore | device eth0 entered promiscuous mode *ore | main(): Initialized 2 network devices. *ore | Device = lo, IRQ = 0, MAC = 00:00:00:00:00:00 *ore | Device = eth0, IRQ = 11, MAC = 00:0C:29:F9:37:6A *ore | main(): Registering 'ORe' at names... *ore | main(): Ready for service. *l4lx | ======> L4Linux 2.6 starting... <======== *l4lx | Linux version 2.6.21-l4 (tjcl@fx242) (gcc version 4.1.2) #4 Mon Sep 3 *l4lx : 00:47:41 WEST 2007 *l4lx | Binary name: l4linux2.6.21 *l4lx | Kernel command line (9 args): mem=128M root=/dev/ram load_ramdisk=1 r *l4lx : amdisk_size=16384 l4env_rd=drops-rd.rd lang=en video=l4fb earlyprintk *l4lx : =yes console=ttyLv0 *l4lx | Image: 00400000 - 00683000 [2572 KiB]. *l4lx | Areas: Text: 00400000 - 005e9000 [1956kB] (a bit longer) *l4lx | Data: 005e9000 - 005fe2cc [84kB] *l4lx | Initdata: 00602000 - 006260a0 [144kB] *l4lx | BSS: 00628000 - 00680900 [354kB] *l4lx | l4lx_thread_create: Created thread 0f.03 (tamer) *l4lx | Using tamed mode. ROOT: Sending all ports (for cli/sti) to task #0d *l4lx | Got 65536 out of 65536 I/O ports *l4lx | l4lx_thread_create: Created thread 0f.04 (server) *l4lx | main thread will be 0f.04 *l4lx | l4env_register_pointer_section: addr = 00600000 size = 536576 *l4lx | sec-w-init: virt: 0x00600000 to 0x00682fff [524 KiB] *l4lx | sec-w-init: Number of physical regions: 1, 536576 Bytes *l4lx | sec-w-init: 1: Phys: 0x006d0000 to 0x00753000, Size: 536576 *l4lx | l4env_linux_startup thread 4. *l4lx | Main thread running, waiting... *l4lx | main thread: received startup message. *l4lx | setup_l4env_memory: Forcing superpages for main memory *l4lx | Main memory size: 128MB *l4lx | Main memory: virt: 0x00800000 to 0x087fffff [131072 KiB] *l4lx | Main memory: Number of physical regions: 1, 134217728 Bytes *l4lx | Main memory: 1: Phys: 0x0a800000 to 0x12800000, Size: 134217728 *l4lx | Filling lower ptabs... *l4lx | Done (1338 entries). *l4lx | l4env_rd_path: drops-rd.rd *l4lx | Loading: drops-rd.rd *l4lx | INITRD: Size of RAMdisk is 16384KiB *l4lx | RAMdisk from 08800000 to 09800000 [16384KiB] Linux version 2.6.21-l4 (tjcl@fx242) (gcc version 4.1.2) #4 Mon Sep 3 00:47:41 WEST 2007 CPU: Vendor unknown, using generic init. CPU: Your system may be unstable. dm_phys: 0000000000800000 - 0000000008800000 (usable) 128MB memory available. INITRD: 08800000 - 09800000 Zone PFN ranges: DMA 0 -> 512 Normal 512 -> 34816 early_node_map[1] active PFN ranges 0: 0 -> 34816 Allocating PCI resources starting at 10000000 (gap: 08800000:f7800000) Built 1 zonelists. Total pages: 34544 Kernel command line: mem=128M root=/dev/ram load_ramdisk=1 ramdisk_size=16384 l4env_rd=drops-rd.rd lang=en video=l4fb earlyprintk=yes console=ttyLv0 Initializing CPU#0 PID hash table entries: 1024 (order: 10, 4096 bytes) Detected 698.657 MHz processor. Console: colour dummy device 80x25 l4ser_init_ports l4ser: input not enabled! Dentry cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) Inode-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) Memory: 129620k/139264k available (1726k kernel code, 1312k reserved, 314k data, 144k init, 0k highmem) virtual kernel memory layout: fixmap : 0xffffc000 - 0xfffff000 ( 12 kB) vmalloc : 0x10000000 - 0x18000000 ( 128 MB) lowmem : 0x00000000 - 0x08800000 ( 136 MB) .init : 0x00602000 - 0x006260a0 ( 144 kB) .data : 0x005af8c4 - 0x005fe2cc ( 314 kB) .text : 0x00400000 - 0x005af8c4 (1726 kB) l4lx_irq_timer_startup(0) *l4lx | l4lx_thread_create: Created thread 0f.05 (timer.i0) timer_irq_thread: Starting timer IRQ thread. Calibrating delay using timer specific routine.. 1464.63 BogoMIPS (lpj=7323198) Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 Compat vDSO mapped to 0040d000. CPU: AuthenticAMD mobile AMD Athlon(tm) XP 1800+ stepping 00 NET: Registered protocol family 16 Setting up standard PCI resources SCSI subsystem initialized NET: Registered protocol family 2 Time: tsc clocksource has been installed. *l4lx | l4lx_thread_create: Created thread 0f.06 (Idler) IP route cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192) TCP reno registered checking if image is initramfs...it isn't (bad gzip magic numbers); looks like an initrd Clocksource tsc unstable (delta = 114219382 ns) Time: jiffies clocksource has been installed. INITRD: Freeing memory. io scheduler noop registered (default) L4 serial driver l4ser_init_ports l4ser: input not enabled! ttyLv0 at MMIO 0x1 (irq = 0) is a L4 RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 16384K size 1024 blocksize *l4lx | Creating 1 ORe device(s). *l4lx | Opening device eth0 at ORe instance ORe *l4lx | l4ore_open(): called *l4lx | l4ore_open(): descriptor: 0 *l4lx | ore_lookup_server(): ORe server ORe = A.02 *l4lx | ore_do_open(): called *ore | __init_mac(): Allocating physical MAC address to client. *ore | __init_mac(): MAC = 00:0C:29:F9:37:6A *l4lx | ore_do_open(): opened. worker = A.07 eth0: L4Ore card found with 00:0C:29:F9:37:6A, IRQ 11 SCSI Media Changer driver v0.25 TCP cubic registered NET: Registered protocol family 1 NET: Registered protocol family 17 RAMDISK: ext2 filesystem found at block 0 RAMDISK: Loading 16384KiB [1 disk] into ram disk... done. EXT2-fs warning: checktime reached, running e2fsck is recommended VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem). INIT: version 2.84 booting Loading /etc/console/boottime.kmap.gz Activating swap. System time was Tue Sep 4 21:46:40 UTC 2007. Setting the System Clock using the Hardware Clock as reference... hwclock is unable to get I/O port access: the iopl(3) call failed. System Clock set. System local time is now Tue Sep 4 21:46:43 UTC 2007. Checking all file systems... fsck 1.27 (8-Mar-2002) Setting kernel variables. Loading the saved-state of the serial devices... Mounting local filesystems... nothing was mounted Setting up IP spoofing protection: rp_filter. Configuring network interfaces: eth0: Overwriting IRQ type for IRQ 11 with l4ore type! *l4lx | l4x_ore_irq_startup *l4lx | l4lx_thread_create: Created thread 0f.07 (L4OreRcv) eth0: interface up. eth0: Overwriting IRQ type for IRQ 11 with l4ore type! *l4lx | l4x_ore_irq_startup *l4lx | l4lx_thread_create: Created thread 0f.07 (L4OreRcv) eth0: interface up. Operation failed. done. No IP found! at /etc/rcS.d/S40sethostname line 30. Starting portmap daemon: portmap. Setting the System Clock using the Hardware Clock as reference... hwclock is unable to get I/O port access: the iopl(3) call failed. System Clock set. Local time: Tue Sep 4 23:48:14 CEST 2007 Cleaning: /tmp /var/lock /var/run. INIT: Entering runlevel: 2 No user config loaded! <----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4 6

roottask boot panic
by huang 07 Sep '07

07 Sep '07

dear all: I met the problem of roottask boot panic, do you know what's the reason? The output is: Roottask. Roottask boot panic: invalid KIP magic 00000001 [Esc] reboot, [k] kdebug, [M] memory map, [r] region map and my menu.lst is: title hello world kernel (hd0,0)/fiasco/bootstrap modaddr 0x02000000 module (hd0,0)/fiasco/fiasco -nokdb -nowait module (hd0,0)/fiasco/sigma0 module (hd0,0)/fiasco/roottask module (hd0,0)/fiasco/log module (hd0,0)/fiasco/names module (hd0,0)/fiasco/dm_phys module (hd0,0)/fiasco/names_demo Best wishes! 　　　　　　　　huang 　　　　　　　　learnl4(a)sina.com 　　　　　　　　　　2007-09-05

4 5

Re: l4-hackers Digest, Vol 53, Issue 4
by chenggh 06 Sep '07

06 Sep '07

> > The find version of my slackware 10.2 is : > > GNU find version 4.1.7 > > I just looked it up, the -L option has been introduced to find in late > 2004. I think that it is reasonable nowadays that one could have a find > installed that has this option. > > To work around this you can remove the -L option in l4/pkg/Makefile, it > will work nevertheless for you. Another solution is to update the find package. the find version more than 4.2.28 is ok. You could download the new find package from this link (http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/findutils/) Thanks. Cheng Guanghui

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Re: l4-hackers Digest, Vol 53, Issue 4
by 丁莹 06 Sep '07

06 Sep '07

> On Tue Sep 04, 2007 at 11:10:20 +0800, ???? wrote: > > > > The config options I used are as same as before,so I don't > > > know > > > > what have happened.And I used the linux distribution is slackware > 10.2, > > > > gcc-3.4.6,make-3.81,bison-2.3. > > > > Everybody who knows this problem please hlep me.Thanks! > > > > > > Can you show me the last 100 lines of the output of > > > 'make -C l4 O=./build', please? That would give me more hints on what > > > could be going wrong. > > > > > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > find: invalid predicate `-L' > > make[1]: Leaving directory `/mnt/tudos/l4/pkg' > > make: Leaving directory `/mnt/tudos/l4' > > there are missing a lot of things after compiling ,I don't know > why . > > There are quite a few error messages which explain quite well that find > is complaining about the -L option and that might lead to the situation > that find isn't work quite as expected and thus things go wrong. > Can I please know your find version? > > find --version > > > > Adam > -- > Adam adam(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de > Lackorzynski http://os.inf.tu-dresden.de/~adam/ > > > > ------------------------------ The find version of my slackware 10.2 is : GNU find version 4.1.7

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Re: l4-hackers Digest, Vol 53, Issue 2
by 丁莹 04 Sep '07

04 Sep '07

2007/9/4, l4-hackers-request(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de < l4-hackers-request(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de>: > > Send l4-hackers mailing list submissions to > l4-hackers(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de > > To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit > http://os.inf.tu-dresden.de/mailman/listinfo/l4-hackers > or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to > l4-hackers-request(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de > > You can reach the person managing the list at > l4-hackers-owner(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de > > When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific > than "Re: Contents of l4-hackers digest..." > > > Today's Topics: > > 1. Re: why there is no bin and lib directory under build > directory after I compiled the L4 (Adam Lackorzynski) > 2. Re: why the function just declare,but no implement. > (Adam Lackorzynski) > 3. roottask problem?? help!!! (huang) > > > ---------------------------------------------------------------------- > > Message: 1 > Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 00:32:53 +0200 > From: Adam Lackorzynski <adam(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de> > Subject: Re: why there is no bin and lib directory under build > directory after I compiled the L4 > To: l4-hackers(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de > Message-ID: <20070903223253.GB19315(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 > > Hi, > > On Mon Sep 03, 2007 at 09:39:39 +0800, ???? wrote: > > I have get a tudos from svn a few days ago,but when I have > > compiled it,there is no bin and lib derictory under tudos/l4/build/.And > In > > the /tudos/l4/build/include derictory ,there is only a l4 directory > which > > containning just a one file,but all compile process are all right. > > Of course,when I use this L4env to compile the l4linux-2.6.21 > ,there > > is a lot of error,you can seeing the error informantion from the > attachment. > > The compiler instructor I used as follow: > > cd tudos > > make -C l4 config O=./build > > make -C l4 O=./build > > The config options I used are as same as before,so I don't > know > > what have happened.And I used the linux distribution is slackware 10.2, > > gcc-3.4.6,make-3.81,bison-2.3. > > Everybody who knows this problem please hlep me.Thanks! > > Can you show me the last 100 lines of the output of > 'make -C l4 O=./build', please? That would give me more hints on what > could be going wrong. Ok,the output of 'make -C l4 O=./build is as follow: ... Making kern_cnt.o ... Making jdb_bt-ia32-ux.o ... Making tb_entry.o ... Making tb_entry-ia32-ux.o ... Making tb_entry_output.o ... Making jdb_exit_module.o ... Making jdb_tbuf_show.o ... Making jdb_console_buffer.o ... Making virq.o ... Making push_console.o ... Making jdb_timeout.o ... Making jdb_halt_thread.o ... Making jdb_tbuf_events.o ... Making jdb_kern_info_kmem_alloc.o ... Making jdb_thread_names.o ... Making loadcnt.o ... Making jdb_utcb.o ... Making jdb_bts.o ... Making jdb_entry_frame-ia32-ux.o ... Making jdb_space.o ... Making jdb_disasm.o ... Making jdb_gzip.o ... Making jdb_regex.o ... Making dump_tcboffsets ... Making tcboffset.o ==> Linking tcboffset.bin ./dump_tcboffsets tcboffset.bin > tcboffset.h.new mv tcboffset.h.new tcboffset.h ... Making entry-ia32-ux.o ... Making entry-ia32.o ... Making shortcut-ia32-ux.o ... Making sys_call_page-asm.o ... Making disasm.o ... Making i386-dis.o ... Making dis-buf.o ==> Archiving into libdisasm.a ==> Linking kernel.image ==> Linking main ... Generating checksum for main text section ... Generating checksum for main data section ... Writing checksum into main ... Making Symbols ... Making Lines make[3]: Leaving directory `/mnt/tudos/kernel/fiasco/build' make[2]: Leaving directory `/mnt/tudos/kernel/fiasco/build' make[1]: Leaving directory `/mnt/tudos/kernel/fiasco' if [ -r pkg/Makefile ]; then PWD=/mnt/tudos/pkg make -C pkg; fi find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' find: invalid predicate `-L' make[1]: Entering directory `/mnt/tudos/l4/pkg' install -d /mnt/tudos/l4/build/pkg/ echo '# automatically created -- modifications will be lost' > /mnt/tudos/l4/build/pkg/Makefile echo 'SRC := /mnt/tudos/l4/pkg' >> /mnt/tudos/l4/build/pkg/Makefile echo 'OBJ := /mnt/tudos/l4/build' >> /mnt/tudos/l4/build/pkg/Makefile echo '.PHONY: x $(MAKECMDGOALS)' >> /mnt/tudos/l4/build/pkg/Makefile echo 'x:' >> /mnt/tudos/l4/build/pkg/Makefile echo ' $(MAKE) -C $(SRC) O=$(OBJ)' >> /mnt/tudos/l4/build/pkg/Makefile echo '$(MAKECMDGOALS):' >> /mnt/tudos/l4/build/pkg/Makefile echo ' $(MAKE) -C $(SRC) O=$(OBJ) $@' >> /mnt/tudos/l4/build/pkg/Makefile make[1]: Leaving directory `/mnt/tudos/l4/pkg' make: Leaving directory `/mnt/tudos/l4' there are missing a lot of things after compiling ,I don't know why . Best Regards! ding Adam > -- > Adam adam(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de > Lackorzynski http://os.inf.tu-dresden.de/~adam/ > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 2 > Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 00:34:18 +0200 > From: Adam Lackorzynski <adam(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de> > Subject: Re: why the function just declare,but no implement. > To: l4-hackers(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de > Message-ID: <20070903223418.GC19315(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 > > > On Mon Sep 03, 2007 at 17:00:00 +0800, ???? wrote: > > Hi,everyone: > > When I used latest version of L4 to compile the l4linux-2.6.22 > ,it > > is following error message appeared. > > > > In file included from arch/l4/kernel/arch-i386/dispatch.c:586: > > arch/l4/kernel/arch-i386/../dispatch.c: In function > `l4x_user_dispatcher': > > arch/l4/kernel/arch-i386/../dispatch.c:362: sorry, unimplemented: > inlining > > failed in call to 'l4x_dispatch_suspend': function not considered for > > inlining > > arch/l4/kernel/arch-i386/../dispatch.c:506: sorry, unimplemented: called > > from here > > make[1]: *** [arch/l4/kernel/arch-i386/dispatch.o] error 1 > > make: *** [arch/l4/kernel/arch-i386] error 2 > > > > so I check the function dispatch.c,the function l4x_dispatch_suspend is > > empty indeed.Maybe there is something wrong,but I don't know what have > > happened.Everyone who knows this problem please help me,thanks! > > The L4 and l4linux are all downloaded from svn today,and my linux > > distribution is ubuntu 6.06. > > Well, l4x_dispatch_suspend is not empty at all, at least not in my copy > of the source. Are you sure? > > > Adam > -- > Adam adam(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de > Lackorzynski http://os.inf.tu-dresden.de/~adam/ > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 3 > Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 09:47:17 +0800 > From: "huang" <learnl4(a)sina.com> > Subject: roottask problem?? help!!! > To: "l4-hackers" <l4-hackers(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de> > Message-ID: <20070904014637.B789F3B5B51(a)smtp.sina.com.cn> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="gb2312" > > hi,dear all: > > When I tried to use the l4env nameserver "names" to help doing sth, I > found it doesn't work. For example, the logserver "log" can not > register at nameserver, so it fall asleep, so does names_demo. I examed > and tested the names.c, and I modified a few lines of code in main() > such as: > > ... > if(rmgr_init()) > printf("roottask service unavailable!\n"); > else > printf("roottask service init successfully!\n"); > ... > > then I rebuilded names, and tested again with modules listed in menu.lst: > > title hello world > kernel (hd0,0)/fiasco/bootstrap > modaddr 0x02000000 > module (hd0,0)/fiasco/fiasco -nokdb -nowait > module (hd0,0)/fiasco/sigma0 > module (hd0,0)/fiasco/roottask > module (hd0,0)/fiasco/names > module (hd0,0)/fiasco/names_demo > > the output screen is in the attachement roottask.jpg, the key output is > names | roottask service unavailable! > > Is this really caused by roottask?? > > In the manual tut.pdf, the menu.lst is as below: > > title Hi world, server version > kernel (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/bootstrap > modaddr 0x02000000 > module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/fiasco -nokdb -nowait > module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/sigma0 > module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4vs/roottask > module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/log > module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/names > module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/dm_phys > module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/hiserver > module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/hiclient > > I found the line of roottask is different from other lines in "l4vs", > while others are "l4v2". What is the difference? > > best wishes! > > > > ????????huang > ????????learnl4(a)sina.com > ??????????2007-09-04 >

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Re: l4-hackers Digest, Vol 53, Issue 2
by 丁莹 04 Sep '07

04 Sep '07

2007/9/4, l4-hackers-request(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de < l4-hackers-request(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de>: > > Send l4-hackers mailing list submissions to > l4-hackers(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de > > To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit > http://os.inf.tu-dresden.de/mailman/listinfo/l4-hackers > or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to > l4-hackers-request(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de > > You can reach the person managing the list at > l4-hackers-owner(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de > > When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific > than "Re: Contents of l4-hackers digest..." > > > Today's Topics: > > 1. Re: why there is no bin and lib directory under build > directory after I compiled the L4 (Adam Lackorzynski) > 2. Re: why the function just declare,but no implement. > (Adam Lackorzynski) > 3. roottask problem?? help!!! (huang) > > > ---------------------------------------------------------------------- > > Message: 1 > Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 00:32:53 +0200 > From: Adam Lackorzynski <adam(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de> > Subject: Re: why there is no bin and lib directory under build > directory after I compiled the L4 > To: l4-hackers(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de > Message-ID: <20070903223253.GB19315(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 > > Hi, > > On Mon Sep 03, 2007 at 09:39:39 +0800, ???? wrote: > > I have get a tudos from svn a few days ago,but when I have > > compiled it,there is no bin and lib derictory under tudos/l4/build/.And > In > > the /tudos/l4/build/include derictory ,there is only a l4 directory > which > > containning just a one file,but all compile process are all right. > > Of course,when I use this L4env to compile the l4linux-2.6.21 > ,there > > is a lot of error,you can seeing the error informantion from the > attachment. > > The compiler instructor I used as follow: > > cd tudos > > make -C l4 config O=./build > > make -C l4 O=./build > > The config options I used are as same as before,so I don't > know > > what have happened.And I used the linux distribution is slackware 10.2, > > gcc-3.4.6,make-3.81,bison-2.3. > > Everybody who knows this problem please hlep me.Thanks! > > Can you show me the last 100 lines of the output of > 'make -C l4 O=./build', please? That would give me more hints on what > could be going wrong. Adam > -- > Adam adam(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de > Lackorzynski http://os.inf.tu-dresden.de/~adam/ > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 2 > Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 00:34:18 +0200 > From: Adam Lackorzynski <adam(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de> > Subject: Re: why the function just declare,but no implement. > To: l4-hackers(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de > Message-ID: <20070903223418.GC19315(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 > > > On Mon Sep 03, 2007 at 17:00:00 +0800, ???? wrote: > > Hi,everyone: > > When I used latest version of L4 to compile the l4linux-2.6.22 > ,it > > is following error message appeared. > > > > In file included from arch/l4/kernel/arch-i386/dispatch.c:586: > > arch/l4/kernel/arch-i386/../dispatch.c: In function > `l4x_user_dispatcher': > > arch/l4/kernel/arch-i386/../dispatch.c:362: sorry, unimplemented: > inlining > > failed in call to 'l4x_dispatch_suspend': function not considered for > > inlining > > arch/l4/kernel/arch-i386/../dispatch.c:506: sorry, unimplemented: called > > from here > > make[1]: *** [arch/l4/kernel/arch-i386/dispatch.o] error 1 > > make: *** [arch/l4/kernel/arch-i386] error 2 > > > > so I check the function dispatch.c,the function l4x_dispatch_suspend is > > empty indeed.Maybe there is something wrong,but I don't know what have > > happened.Everyone who knows this problem please help me,thanks! > > The L4 and l4linux are all downloaded from svn today,and my linux > > distribution is ubuntu 6.06. > > Well, l4x_dispatch_suspend is not empty at all, at least not in my copy > of the source. Are you sure? I'm sorry,I have made a mistake.Yes,the l4x_dispatch_suspend is surely no empty,it may be some error of gcc to compile the inline function,I search the error message from the Internet,they says the problem might be that a function was declared with two different inlining attributes.So,I think it maybe the gcc's matter,but after I re-install the gcc-3.4.6 and compile the l4linux-2.6.22,the some error massage appearing,so I don't know why,maybe it have something to do with another compiler enviroment,but I don't know what. Best Regards! ding Adam > -- > Adam adam(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de > Lackorzynski http://os.inf.tu-dresden.de/~adam/ > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 3 > Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 09:47:17 +0800 > From: "huang" <learnl4(a)sina.com> > Subject: roottask problem?? help!!! > To: "l4-hackers" <l4-hackers(a)os.inf.tu-dresden.de> > Message-ID: <20070904014637.B789F3B5B51(a)smtp.sina.com.cn> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="gb2312" > > hi,dear all: > > When I tried to use the l4env nameserver "names" to help doing sth, I > found it doesn't work. For example, the logserver "log" can not > register at nameserver, so it fall asleep, so does names_demo. I examed > and tested the names.c, and I modified a few lines of code in main() > such as: > > ... > if(rmgr_init()) > printf("roottask service unavailable!\n"); > else > printf("roottask service init successfully!\n"); > ... > > then I rebuilded names, and tested again with modules listed in menu.lst: > > title hello world > kernel (hd0,0)/fiasco/bootstrap > modaddr 0x02000000 > module (hd0,0)/fiasco/fiasco -nokdb -nowait > module (hd0,0)/fiasco/sigma0 > module (hd0,0)/fiasco/roottask > module (hd0,0)/fiasco/names > module (hd0,0)/fiasco/names_demo > > the output screen is in the attachement roottask.jpg, the key output is > names | roottask service unavailable! > > Is this really caused by roottask?? > > In the manual tut.pdf, the menu.lst is as below: > > title Hi world, server version > kernel (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/bootstrap > modaddr 0x02000000 > module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/fiasco -nokdb -nowait > module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/sigma0 > module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4vs/roottask > module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/log > module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/names > module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/dm_phys > module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/hiserver > module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/hiclient > > I found the line of roottask is different from other lines in "l4vs", > while others are "l4v2". What is the difference? > > best wishes! > > > > ????????huang > ????????learnl4(a)sina.com > ??????????2007-09-04 >

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roottask problem?? help!!!
by huang 04 Sep '07

04 Sep '07

hi,dear all: When I tried to use the l4env nameserver "names" to help doing sth, I found it doesn't work. For example, the logserver "log" can not register at nameserver, so it fall asleep, so does names_demo. I examed and tested the names.c, and I modified a few lines of code in main() such as: ... if(rmgr_init()) printf("roottask service unavailable!\n"); else printf("roottask service init successfully!\n"); ... then I rebuilded names, and tested again with modules listed in menu.lst: title hello world kernel (hd0,0)/fiasco/bootstrap modaddr 0x02000000 module (hd0,0)/fiasco/fiasco -nokdb -nowait module (hd0,0)/fiasco/sigma0 module (hd0,0)/fiasco/roottask module (hd0,0)/fiasco/names module (hd0,0)/fiasco/names_demo the output screen is in the attachement roottask.jpg, the key output is names | roottask service unavailable! Is this really caused by roottask?? In the manual tut.pdf, the menu.lst is as below: title Hi world, server version kernel (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/bootstrap modaddr 0x02000000 module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/fiasco -nokdb -nowait module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/sigma0 module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4vs/roottask module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/log module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/names module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/dm_phys module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/hiserver module (nd)/tftpboot/yourname/bin/x86_586/l4v2/hiclient I found the line of roottask is different from other lines in "l4vs", while others are "l4v2". What is the difference? best wishes! 　　　　　　　　huang 　　　　　　　　learnl4(a)sina.com 　　　　　　　　　　2007-09-04

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